Fri Mar 31 2023

93 articles - From Friday Mar 24 2023 to Friday Mar 31 2023

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Alpha-Gal Syndrome for the GI Clinician: Commentary.

This expert commentary incorporates important as well as recently published studies in this field, and it reflects the experiences of the authors. Formal ratings regarding the quality of evidence or strength of the presented considerations were not included since systematic reviews were not performed.

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AGA Clinical Practice Update on Role of EUS-Guided Gallbladder Drainage in Acute Cholecystitis: Commentary.

Because this was not a systematic review, we did not perform any formal rating of the quality of evidence or strength of the presented considerations. This expert commentary was commissioned and approved by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer-review by the Clinical Practice Updates Committee and external peer-review through standard procedures of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Interventions to improve the performance of ERCP and EUS quality indicators.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Principles and clinical methods of body surface gastric mapping: Technical review.

Specific phenotypes identifiable by BSGM and the associated symptom profiles were codified with reference to pathophysiology. Finally, knowledge gaps and priority areas for future BSGM research were also identified by the working group.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Endosc Int Open

Hemostatic spray (TC-325) vs. standard endoscopic therapy for non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

However, lower rates of failures were seen with TC-325 than SET. In addition, there was no difference in the two modalities when comparing rates of rebleeding and LOS.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Percutaneous endoscopic necrosectomy (PEN) for treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Based on our meta-analysis of retrospective studies, it represents a safe treatment modality with high rates of clinical success and low rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. This study supports the use of PEN when conventional endoscopic therapy is not feasible.

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Hepatology

Acute rejection after liver transplantation with machine perfusion versus static cold storage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dynamic organ perfusion techniques are associated with a reduction in ACR after liver transplantation compared to SCS. PROSPERO registration CRD42022348356.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Adverse effect of PNPLA3 p.I148M genetic variant on kidney function in middle-aged individuals with metabolic dysfunction.

PNPLA3 p. I148M silencing may protect against kidney damage progression in carriers.

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Clinical significance and impact of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species in gastric disease.

These findings suggest a pathophysiological involvement of NHPHs in gastric disease. Patients presenting with gastric complaints may benefit from routine PCR testing for zoonotic gastric NHPHs.

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Long-term endoscopic surveillance in HBV compensated cirrhotic patients treated with Tenofovir or Entecavir for 11 years.

In compensated cirrhotic patients under long-term effective TDF/ETV treatment, the 11-year risk of developing/progressing EV is negligible, thus challenging the current endoscopic surveillance recommendations in patients without EV at baseline.

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Am J Gastroenterol

Crohn's disease-associated anorectal cancer has a poor prognosis with high local recurrence: a subanalysis of the Nationwide Japanese Study.

Poor prognosis of CD-CRC is attributable primarily to RC and high local recurrence. Local control is indispensable to improving prognosis.

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Ultrasonographic Transmural healing in Crohn's disease.

In the current review, we present the definition of transmural healing by ultrasonography, its comparison with other imaging modalities and with endoscopy, the efficacy of diverse therapies on achieving transmural healing, and data on patient outcomes in those achieving transmural healing. This review can guide clinicians that care for patients with IBD on the added value of achieving transmural healing and its eventual incorporation as a target of therapy.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Antibiotic exposure is associated with a risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Exposure to any antibiotic is associated with an increased risk of EAC, and this risk increases as the cumulative days of exposure increases. This novel finding is hypothesis-generating for potential mechanisms that may play a role in the development or progression of EAC.

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Epigenomic Blood-based Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer Employing cell free DNA.

The PaC detection test showed robust early-stage detection of PaC signal in the studied cohorts with varying type 2 diabetes status. This assay merits further clinical validation for the early detection of PaC in high-risk individuals.

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Esophageal Epithelium and Lamina Propria are Unevenly Involved in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Except for the extent of involvement of DIS in inactive EoE, the remaining epithelial features and lamina propria are unevenly involved across biopsy sites in EoE, irrespective of the disease activity status. This study enhances our understanding of the effects of EoE on esophageal tissue pathology.

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Endosc Int Open

Comparison of the hybrid and partial stent-in-stent method for endoscopic three-segment drainage for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction.

The choice between the two methods should be made at the physician's discretion.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Long-term outcomes of pancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy for the treatment of obstructive pancreatic duct stones.

Also at long-term follow-up, endoscopic EHL as first-line treatment is moderately effective for symptomatic CP patients with treatment success rates that seems at least equally effective as ESWL.

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Newly designed OTS Clip for preventing fully-covered self-expandable metal stent migration in the gastrointestinal tract.

A dedicated over-the-scope stent fixation device appears to be safe and effective in preventing fully-covered SEMS migration through the gastrointestinal tract.

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Who will excel in advanced endoscopy? A study assessing the criteria and perceptions of experts with regard to selection of ERCP and EUS trainees.

Non-technical skills are the most valued by TPDs/experts. While knowledge and technical expertise are clearly important, understanding that professional attitudes are highly regarded may help direct the application process more effectively.

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Gastroenterology

ARBM101 (Methanobactin SB2) drains excess liver copper via biliary excretion in Wilson Disease rats.

ARBM101 safely and efficiently depletes excess liver copper from Wilson disease rats, thus allowing for short treatment periods as well as prolonged in-between rest periods.

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Proteomic profiling of colorectal adenomas identifies a predictive risk signature for development of metachronous advanced colorectal neoplasia.

We performed an in-depth analysis of quantitative proteomic data from 98 resected adenoma samples using various novel algorithms and statistical packages, and found that their proteome can predict development of metachronous advanced lesions and progression several years in advance.

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Randomized Trial of Facilitated Adherence to Screening-Colonoscopy Versus Sequential Fecal-Based Blood Test.

Observed adherence to sequential rounds of HSgFOBT was suboptimal when compared to a single screening-colonoscopy. The detection of ADN-SER was inferior when non-sequential HSgFOBT adherence was compared to sequential adherence. However, the greatest number of ADN-SER was detected among those who crossed over to colonoscopy and opted to receive a colonoscopy. The effectiveness of a HSgFOBT screening program may be enhanced if crossover to screening-colonoscopy is permitted.

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Gut

A mechanism by which gut microbiota elevates permeability and inflammation in obese/diabetic mice and human gut.

Overall, we discovered that the reduced capacity of obese microbiota to metabolise ethanolamine instigates gut permeability, inflammation and glucose metabolic dysfunctions, and restoring ethanolamine-metabolising capacity by a novel probiotic therapy reverses these abnormalities.

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Faecal metabolome and its determinants in inflammatory bowel disease.

In this large-scale analysis, we identified alterations in the metabolome of patients with IBD that are independent of commonly overlooked confounders such as diet and surgical history. Considering the influence of the microbiome on faecal metabolites, our results pave the way for future interventions targeting intestinal inflammation.

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FAK suppresses antigen processing and presentation to promote immune evasion in pancreatic cancer.

Therapies aimed at FAK degradation may unlock additional therapeutic benefit for the treatment of PDAC through increasing antigen diversity and promoting antigen presentation.

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NNMT enriches for AQP5+ cancer stem cells to drive malignant progression in early gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

Our study extends the understanding of the heterogeneity of EGCA and identifies a functional NNMT + /AQP5 + population that may drive malignant progression in EGCA and could be used for early diagnosis and therapy.

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Three double-dose reinforced hepatitis B revaccination scheme for patients with cirrhosis unresponsive to the standard regimen: an open-label randomised clinical trial.

For cirrhotic patients, the revaccination of non-responders to the first three dose cycle, with three additional 40 µg doses, achieved significantly better response rates to those obtained with an isolated 40 µg booster dose.

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Hepatology

Effect of tenofovir-based HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis against HBV infection in men who have sex with men.

Tenofovir-based PrEP prevented HBI among MSM in a real-world setting.

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Xenogeneic cross-circulation for physiologic support and recovery of ex vivo human livers.

Xenogeneic cross-circulation provided multisystem physiologic regulation of ex vivo human livers that enabled functional rehabilitation, histopathologic recovery, and improvement of viability markers. We envision xenogeneic cross-circulation as a complementary technique to other organ preservation technologies in the recovery of marginal donor livers, or as a research tool in the development of advanced bioengineering and pharmacologic strategies for organ recovery and rehabilitation.

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J Hepatol

Single-cell atlas of the liver myeloid compartment before and after cure of chronic viral hepatitis.

This comprehensive scRNA-seq atlas of human liver myeloid cells in response to a cure of chronic viral infections reveals principles of liver immunity and provides immunotherapeutic insights. Impact and implications Chronic viral liver infections continue to be a major public health problem. Single-cell characterization of liver immune cells in hepatitis C and post-cure provides unique insights into the architecture of liver immunity contributing to the resolution of the first curable chronic viral infection of humans. Multiple layers of innate immune regulation during chronic infections and persistent immune modifications after cure are revealed. Researchers and clinicians may leverage these findings to develop methods to optimize the post-cure environment for HCV and develop novel therapeutic approaches. Clinical trial number NCT02476617.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

A comparative study of disorders of gut-brain interaction in Western Europe and Asia based on the Rome foundation global epidemiology study.

The prevalence of DGBI is generally higher in Western Europe compared to Asia. A considerable portion of the observed difference in prevalence rates seems to be explained by more severe psychological and non-GI somatic symptoms in Western Europe.

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Allergen-free extracts from birch, ragweed, and hazel pollen activate human and guinea-pig submucous and spinal sensory neurons.

Allergen-free APEs from birch, ragweed, and hazel evoked strong nerve activation. Altered nerve-immune signaling as a result of severe pollen exposure could be a pathophysiological feature of allergic and non-allergic gut inflammation.

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Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome: A 15-year experience at a tertiary referral center.

While most adults with CVS improved with specialized care, in contrast to children, only a small subset (~1 in 5) had complete resolution of symptoms. Reasons for the effects of race, cannabis use, and comorbidity burden on outcomes in CVS are unclear and warrant further investigation.

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Comparison of the epidemiology of disorders of gut-brain interaction in four Latin American countries: Results of The Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study.

The prevalence of upper and lower DGBI, as well as the burden of illness, psychological impact and HRQOL, differ between these Latin American countries.

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Disordered eating and eating competence in members of online irritable bowel syndrome support groups.

IBS severity was positively associated with disordered eating likelihood and negatively associated with eating competence. This sheds light on the importance of assessing eating competence and screening for disordered eating prior to selecting therapies for patients with IBS, particularly in females with severe symptoms.

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Gastric electrical stimulation versus per-oral pyloromyotomy for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with gastroparesis: An observational study of two cohorts.

At M24, we did not observe significant difference in efficacy of GES and G-POEM in medically refractory gastroparesis with predominant nausea and vomiting.

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Low prevalence of positive hydrogen breath tests in patients with functional gastrointestinal conditions and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Less than 2% of patients with functional GI disorders, and none of the patients with hEDS had a positive HBT. Pre-test probability was higher in patients with GI structural or neurological disorders; use of long-term PPIs and symptoms of diarrhea. These criteria may be helpful in making appropriate therapeutic decisions and avoiding unnecessary hydrogen breath testing.

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Prevalence and associated factors of disorders of gut-brain interaction in the United States: Comparison of two nationwide Internet surveys.

Approximately 4 out of every 10 US adults have a DGBI; more commonly women and people under the age of 65. DGBI adversely affect QoL and emotional well-being and increase healthcare needs. The similarity of findings between the two surveys supports the reliability of DGBI prevalence estimates obtained with the Internet survey method used globally in the RFGES.

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Sex- and gender-related differences in the prevalence and burden of disorders of gut-brain interaction in Poland.

This is the first comprehensive report on significant sex/gender-related differences in the prevalence and burden of DGBI in Poland. The revealed differences between women and men with DGBI in the clinical profile, psychosocial variables, and healthcare utilization may have important diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

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The epidemiology and impact of disorders of gut-brain interaction in Canada: Results from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiologic Study.

A large proportion of Canadians suffer from DGBI which seriously impact their well-being. Findings highlight the need for further research and education, including understanding whether significant regional and cultural differences contribute to DGBI.

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Using a footstool does not aid simulated defecation in undifferentiated constipation: A randomized trial.

Although the use of a footstool led to changes in defecatory posture, it did not improve subjective or objective measures of simulated defecation in patients with undifferentiated constipation. Therefore, the recommendation for its use during evacuation cannot be applied to al patients with constipation.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: deja vu all over again-let the P-CAB wars begin.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: Interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach to malnutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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Editorial: risankizumab - ready to break ceilings?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Blue Notes.

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Improving the Experiences of Sexual and Gender Minority-Identifying Trainees in Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

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Radiation Safety and Standards for Women in Endoscopy: Summary of Concepts, Current Guidance, and Future Directions.

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Ultra-processed foods and risk of Crohn's disease: how much is too much?

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Update in the treatment of the complications of cirrhosis.

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Gastroenterology

Sox9, a key regulator of gastric stem cell behaviour driving cancer initiation.

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Gastrointest Endosc

In Memoriam: Michael J. Levy, MD: 1964-2023.

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J Hepatol

Ketohexokinase-C: The mechanistic link between dietary sugars and protein acetylation during liver steatosis.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

The Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology study: Conception, implementation, results, and future potential.

Purpose for review article This review paper introduces a special issue on the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology study (RFGES) with a narrative description of its conception, development, and implementation, its outcomes to date, and its potential contribution to neurogastroenterology. It includes 15 papers that reflect the range of RFGES studies from single country papers to intra-regional studies, to inter-regional studies, and one global study.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

How I Approach It: Causes, diagnostic testing, and treatment of residual symptoms in patients with IBD with quiescent disease.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Development of a computer-aided prediction tool for evaluating brushing samples of biliary strictures.

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Killian Jamieson diverticulum: A rare presentation with food impaction.

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Overall and Annual Post-Colonoscopy Colorectal Cancer Rates in a Large Integrated Healthcare Setting: A Cross-sectional Study.

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Endoscopy

A modified endoscopic full-thickness resection for gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A new closure technique based on the instruction of super minimally invasive surgery.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Effective traction using a clip with rubber band and grasping forceps in endoscopic laryngopharyngeal surgery.

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Laser lithotripsy for the treatment of a giant fecalith obstructing a colorectal anastomosis.

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Newly developed endoscopic retrieval device: funnel-shaped overtube formed by air inflation-deflation.

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Rendezvous-assisted endoscopic retrograde pancreatography in a patient with annular pancreas and coexisting pancreas divisum.

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Snare-tip soft coagulation to treat esophageal stent epithelial hyperplasia.

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Use of unique endoscope holder and scissor-style knife reduces difficulty of endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Gastroenterology

A pseudo-gastric bubble.

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An unusual case of anal pain with intense metabolic activity of the internal anal sphincter.

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An Unusual Cause of Acute Cholecystitis.

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An Unusual Finding on CT in a Patient With Iron-deficiency Anemia.

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Improving the Experiences of Sexual and Gender Minority-Identifying Trainees in Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

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Liver SOL in a case of colon cancer, a red herring.

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Next-Generation Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists in NASH Treatment - Are we there yet?

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Gastrointest Endosc

Cap polyposis: an unusual cause of rectal bleeding in a young patient.

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Gut

Is HBx protein the X factor in the pathogenesis of IBD?

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Hepatology

Letter to the editor: portal hypertension and variceal bleeding in patients with liver cancer: evidence gaps for prevention and management.

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Overcoming T-cell exhaustion: new therapeutic targets in HCC immunotherapy.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: deja vu all over again - let the P-CAB wars begin. Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: risankizumab - ready to break ceilings? author's reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: be careful of gastrointestinal CMV infection in adverse event from ICIs therapy in solid tumours-Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: be careful of gastrointestinal CMV infection in adverse events from ICIs therapy in solid tumours.

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Letter: dietitians are more than coaches.

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Letter: Low to moderate alcohol intake and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Letter: should we abandon FIB-4 to characterise non-invasively patients with NAFLD?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: should we abandon FIB-4 to characterise noninvasively patients with NAFLD? Authors' reply.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Response to Letter to the Editor: Relative Cost-effectiveness of Management Strategies for Uninvestigated Dyspepsia.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastrointest Endosc

Is there an increased reprocessing burden by transitioning to duodenoscopes with disposable distal caps?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Nonpedunculated colorectal lesions: underwater or conventional EMR?

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Peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: the journey continues.

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Thermal ablation of the margin defect after EMR: the need for randomized controlled trials with standardized outcome assessment.

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Underwater EMR for nonpedunculated colorectal lesions.

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J Hepatol

A multicenter randomized-controlled trial of hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) for human liver grafts before transplantation - comments on morbidity endpoints in the context of trial design.

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Holding opposing ideas and the half-life of truth.

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Improved basic performance of iTACT-HBcrAg assay.

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The non-invasive 3P/5P HVPG model requires evaluation in rare diseases.

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